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WHAT IS RED CELL DISTRIBUTION WIDTH?

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  • WHAT IS RED CELL DISTRIBUTION WIDTH?

    WHAT IS RED CELL DISTRIBUTION WIDTH

    Red cell distribution width (abbreviated as RDW) is a measurement of the amount that red blood cells vary in size. A cell is the smallest, most basic unit of life, that is capable of existing by itself. Red blood cells help carry oxygen in the blood.

    HOW IS THE RED CELL DISTRIBUTION WIDTH CALCULATED?

    Electronic instruments are capable of analyzing the blood sample and detecting the pulses that are produced by red blood cells. The stronger the pulses are, the greater the red blood cells are in size. Likewise, the weaker the pulses are, the smaller the red blood cells are in size.

    WHAT IS THE NORMAL LEVEL OF THE RED CELL DISTRIBUTION WIDTH?

    The normal RDW level is 10.2 to 14.5%. It is important to keep in mind that the ranges mentioned above will be different depending on the machine used to do the blood test. Always use the normal range printed on the lab report to decide what range is normal.

    WHAT CAN CAUSE THE RED CELL DISTRIBUTION WIDTH TO BE TOO HIGH?


    A high RDW (over 14.5%) means that the red blood cells vary a lot in size. There are many possible reasons why the RDW level can be too high. To determine what the possible cause of a high RDW level is, a comparison is made to the mean corpuscular volume (abbreviated MCV). The MCV is the average amount of space occupied by each red blood cell.
    If both the RDW and MCV levels are increased, there are several possible causes. One possible cause is liver disease. The liver is the largest organ in the body and is responsible for filtering (removing) harmful chemical substances, producing important chemicals for the body, and other important functions. Another cause of high RDW & MCV levels is hemolytic anemia. Hemolytic anemia is a condition in which the red blood cells are destroyed earlier than they should be.


    The RDW and MCV levels can both be increased if there is too little vitamin B12 or folic acid (a type of vitamin) in the body. A vitamin is one of a group of substances made up partly of carbon (an element) that are essential in small amounts for normal bodily functioning and chemical processes in the body to take place.

    Another scenario is that the RDW level can be high, but the MCV level can be low. This can happen because of iron deficiency anemia. Iron deficiency anemia is a decrease in hemoglobin in the blood that is caused by an inadequate supply of iron. Hemoglobin is substance present in red blood cells that help carry oxygen to cells in the body. Iron is needed to make hemoglobin, which is why a decreased amount of iron leads to a decreased amount of hemoglobin.

    Another cause of a high RDW level and a low MCV level is thalessemia intermedia. Thalessemia intermedia is another type of blood disorder in which there is impaired production of one or more of the elements that make up hemoglobin. If the red blood cells are fragmented (broken) into smaller parts, this can cause the RDW to be high and the MCV to be low. In this situation, the red blood cells vary in size when they are broke up (which is why the RDW level is high) but the cells do not take up much space (which is why the MCV level is low).

    A final possibility is that the RDW level is increased and the MCV level is normal. This can be caused by the beginning stages of a decrease in vitamin B12 or folic acid (a type of vitamin) in the body. It can also be caused by the beginning stages of iron deficiency anemia, which was described two paragraphs ago.

    WHAT CAN CAUSE THE RED CELL DISTRIBUTION WIDTH TO BE TOO LOW?

    A low RDW (below 10.2%) means that the red blood cells vary very little in size. One reason for a low RDW level is macrocytic anemia. Macrocytic anemia is a blood disorder in which not enough red blood cells are produced, but the ones that are present are large. Another cause of a low RDW level is microcytic anemia. Microcytic anemia is a condition in which abnormally small red blood cells are present. In these two disorders the red blood cells do not vary much in size because they are either all small or all large. This is what causes the RDW level to be low.

  • #2
    الله يعطيك الف الف عافية
    تسلم ياغالي
    احن الى خبز أمي
    وقهوة أمي ولمسة أمي
    وتكبر فيا الطفولة يوما على صدري يومي
    وأعشق عمري
    لأني إذا مت أخجل من دمعي أمي

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    • #3
      المشاركة الأصلية بواسطة أسومة مشاهدة المشاركة
      الله يعطيك الف الف عافية
      تسلم ياغالي
      الله يعافيك و شكرا لك

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      • #4
        thanks again and may allah stand by you
        khaled

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        • #5
          الف شكر على المعلومات المفيدة

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          • #6
            هذه المعلومات من جد راااااااااائعة وكتير استفدت منها
            الله يعطيك العافية على هذا الجهد الجبار

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            • #7
              المشاركة الأصلية بواسطة خالد وليد جرادات مشاهدة المشاركة
              thanks again and may allah stand by you
              khaled
              u r welcome

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              • #8
                المشاركة الأصلية بواسطة hematologist مشاهدة المشاركة
                الف شكر على المعلومات المفيدة
                شكرا لمرورك

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                • #9
                  المشاركة الأصلية بواسطة PuRe مشاهدة المشاركة
                  هذه المعلومات من جد راااااااااائعة وكتير استفدت منها
                  الله يعطيك العافية على هذا الجهد الجبار
                  الله يعافيك و شكرا لك

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                  • #10
                    RDW has 2 ways of calculation: the first one is the RDW-CV% which have a normal range up to 14.5%, the second way of calculation is the RDW-SD. RDW measure the degree of anisocytosis, which means variation in RED cell size. RDW starts to go up in pregnant females when there hematinic deficiency (Iron, folic acid, Vit. B12 ....other metals). So iti is used as an indicator of hematinic deficiency in pregnant females and therapy with iron, folic and B12 should started whenever RDW starts to rise. Second utility of RDW is to differentiate between iron def. anemia and beta thalssemia minor, since in iron deficiency anemias is high, whereas in betal Thal. minor is normal. Also you can be suspecious of high RDW when the RBC histogram is wider than normal. there many things to say on this subject and any question is welcomed. Thank you. and thanks to Mr. Tariq.
                    من طلب العلا سهر الليالي

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                    • #11
                      it was really very usefull information
                      thanks alot

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                      • #12
                        المشاركة الأصلية بواسطة tashooo مشاهدة المشاركة
                        it was really very usefull information
                        thanks alot
                        u r wellcome

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