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  • تحليل الهيموستاتين

    HOMOCYSTEINE


    I) What is homocysteine ?

    - Homocysteine (Hcy) is a sulphur-containing aminoacid (a building block of protein) that is produced in human body.

    - (Hcy) is mainly eliminated by renal catabolism, only 1% of (Hcy) filtered by glomeruli is normally found in urine, the rest is reabsorbed and metabolized.

    - Homocysteine may irritate blood vessels leading to blockages in the arteries (atherosclerosis).

    II) Factors which can result in increased homocysteine level

    1. Genetic defects : Defect in enzymes involved in Hcy metabolism due to mutated or defective gene.
    2. Inadequate nutrition : Low intake of Vit B6, B12, and folate.
    3. Age : Hcy level increase with age.
    4. Sex : Men are at higher risk than women
    5. Hormonal changes : Hcy level increase after the menopause.
    6. Life style factors : Smoking, high alcohol intake and high coffee consumption.
    7. Diseases which disturb (Hcy) metabolism : Renal failure, autoimmune diseases, hypothyrodism, hepatic insufficiency and acute leukemia.
    8. Drugs : Methotroxate, Anticonvulsants, oral antidiabetic drugs, contraceptive pills and hypercholesterolemic drugs.

    III) How can hyperhomocysteinaemia be harmful ?

    - High homocysteine level in the blood can also cause cholesterol to change
    to something called oxidized low-density lipoprotein which is more damaging to the arteries. In addition, high homocysteine level can make blood clot more easily than it should, increasing the risk of blood vessel blockages. Up to 20% of people with heart diseases have high homocysteine level.





    IV) How is Homocysteine level measured and what do the result mean ?

    - Hcy is measured on the Axsym machine (Abbott) using a serum sample, taking at anytime of the day with no precautions for the test, only immediate separation of the sample is required.

    - Expected value for Hcy is
    Male : 5.9 – 16 umol/L
    Female : 3.36 – 20.4 umol/L

    A healthy homocysteine level is less than 12 umol/L. A level greater than 12 umol/L is considered high. If homocysteine level is 12 - 16 umol/L and the patient have blockages in any blood vessels, he needs to lower his homocysteine to less than 12 umol/L.

    If homocysteine level is more than 16 umol/L even in the absence of high cholesterol and other major risk factors for cardiovascular disease the patient is still in high risk of having a stroke.

    Increased homocysteine level elevate the risk of atherosclerosis independent of hypercholestermia and it is also equal in magnitude to cigarette smoking.


    Now Homocystein is available on Laboratory


    All the following tests are also available on Laboratory :

    • Cyclosporin
    • Growth Hormone (GH)
    • Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IgF1)
    • Parathormone (PTH)
    • Adreno Cortico trophic hormone (ACTH)
    • Insulin
    • C-Peptid
    M.k

  • #2
    thanks fluent fot ur subject..it,s really useful
    LO MEJOR سابقا..

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