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  • CASE STUDYمتحدي يا شباب

    CASE STUDY:

    A 25-year-old woman feeling well at 36 weeks gestation in her first pregnancy was found to have the CBC shown in tab.1. No previous blood counts were available,
    There was no history of excessive bruising or bleeding.
    Her blood pressure was 140/90 mmHg.
    Her blood pressure was 140/90 mmHg.
    Her blood pressure was 140/90 mmHg.
    Tab.1

    Hb. conc10.7 g/dL
    . TLC7.9x 10 3 /µL
    Plt.count70 x 10 3 /µL
    PBS;; Normal red cell & plt. morphology

    Q1. What are the most likely conditions causing her thrombocytopenia?

    Q2. What further investigations are required?

    Marrow aspirate revealed a cellular sample with a normal number of megakaryocytes. Some degree of myeloid hyperplasia was noted, but erythroid activity was normal. Stainable iron was present, but reduced. The results of other tests are shown in tab.2



    Tab.2
    Test
    Result
    Reference range
    PT
    15 sec.
    طبيعيnormal14-16
    APTT
    38 sec.
    طبيعي30-38
    Fibrinogen
    1.6 g/L
    طبيعي1.5- 4.0
    Total s. bilirubin
    10 µmol/L
    2-17
    Alanine transaminase
    42 IU/L
    10-40
    Alkaline phosphatase
    103 IU/L
    طبيعي40-125
    Reticulocytes
    1.8 %

    Urine & Electrolytes
    Normal

    Viral titres
    No recent infection identified

    Auto-antibodies
    Negative

    Coomb’s test
    Negative

    Urate
    0.27 mmol/L
    0.12-0.36
    Urinary protein
    Less than 0.2 g/24 hr.


    Q3. Discuss these data & reach a working diagnosis?

    Q4. Discuss the management you would recommend during the rest of her pregnancy?

  • #2
    Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

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    • #3
      المشاركة الأصلية بواسطة وسام الوسام مشاهدة المشاركة
      CASE STUDY:

      A 25-year-old woman feeling well at 36 weeks gestation in her first pregnancy was found to have the CBC shown in tab.1. No previous blood counts were available,
      There was no history of excessive bruising or bleeding.
      Her blood pressure was 140/90 mmHg.
      Her blood pressure was 140/90 mmHg.
      Her blood pressure was 140/90 mmHg.
      Tab.1

      Hb. conc10.7 g/dL
      . TLC7.9x 10 3 /µL
      Plt.count70 x 10 3 /µL
      PBS;; Normal red cell & plt. morphology

      Q1. What are the most likely conditions causing her thrombocytopenia?

      Q2. What further investigations are required?

      Marrow aspirate revealed a cellular sample with a normal number of megakaryocytes. Some degree of myeloid hyperplasia was noted, but erythroid activity was normal. Stainable iron was present, but reduced. The results of other tests are shown in tab.2



      Tab.2
      Test
      Result
      Reference range
      PT
      15 sec.
      طبيعيnormal14-16
      APTT
      38 sec.
      طبيعي30-38
      Fibrinogen
      1.6 g/L
      طبيعي1.5- 4.0
      Total s. bilirubin
      10 µmol/L
      2-17
      Alanine transaminase
      42 IU/L
      10-40
      Alkaline phosphatase
      103 IU/L
      طبيعي40-125
      Reticulocytes
      1.8 %

      Urine & Electrolytes
      Normal

      Viral titres
      No recent infection identified

      Auto-antibodies
      Negative

      Coomb’s test
      Negative

      Urate
      0.27 mmol/L
      0.12-0.36
      Urinary protein
      Less than 0.2 g/24 hr.


      Q3. Discuss these data & reach a working diagnosis?

      Q4. Discuss the management you would recommend during the rest of her pregnancy?

      Answer 1: I would suggest 2 possible diagnosis
      (A) ITP as استاذ هيماتولوجست said & suggested
      (B) Gestational thrombocytopaenia

      Answer 2: Since there is no previous plt count data it is difficult to distinguish between both diagnosis by performing anti=platelets antibodies can not be much helpful. However, if this patient have had low plt count during early pregnancy i would say it is ITP case because Gestational thrombocytopaenia can appear late in Pregnancy. In addition, ITP in mother can give low plt count to the baby after delivery whereas Gestaional will not. Preeclambsia can not be excluded as well as a cause. However to diagnose this , high blood pressure with proteinuria has to be ruled out. in this case preeclambsia is excluded as proteinuria
      is at normal level.
      Answer (3): I am suprised why all such investigations requested to come with this possible diagnosis, however to come up with answer i would say:
      Since patient showed no symptoms of bleeding it wasnt important to do PT & APTT, however the only abnormal result seen as thrombocytopaenia. this suggests quantitative platelets abnormality that possibly due to anti-platelets antibodies that destruct circulating platelets. Viral infection could be also a possible cause which was excluded by viral titre test and other investigations. Preeclambsia was also excluded as a cause due to normal protein level in urine <0.2

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      • #4
        Please what about the function of the megakaryocytes ? Abnormal megakaryocytes with basophilic cytoplasm & without platelet budding or with pink cytoplasm & partial platelet separation .If the previous findings are present , it will encourage the diagnosis of ITP . ....................Thanks a lot .

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        • #5
          Almost always isolated thrombocytopenia with mild anemia & without abnormal cells ( Blasts ) in the peripheral hemogram is considered ITP until proved otherwise .

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          • #6
            يا جماعة قبل ما نشك في اي حاجة
            let us rule out any errorneous plt count
            then let us thing about diagnosis
            so I suggest to perform pletelet count on a second sample
            من طلب العلا سهر الليالي

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            • #7
              المشاركة الأصلية بواسطة ashraf shaq مشاهدة المشاركة
              يا جماعة قبل ما نشك في اي حاجة
              let us rule out any errorneous plt count
              then let us thing about diagnosis
              so I suggest to perform pletelet count on a second sample
              Dear Ashraf thanks for ur feedback but we are analysing only a case presentation, however it should be well known any abnormal laboratory test has to be repeated

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              • #8
                If the platelet count is correct, and as he said in the case that megakaryocytes are normal in number in the BM, but he did not mention their morphology, also if the case is preeclampsia the coagulation tests will be prolonged but this is not the case, this raises the suggestion of ITP.
                But also transient thrombocytopenia is also a suggestion.
                thank you all
                من طلب العلا سهر الليالي

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                • #9
                  المشاركة الأصلية بواسطة ashraf shaq مشاهدة المشاركة
                  If the platelet count is correct, and as he said in the case that megakaryocytes are normal in number in the BM, but he did not mention their morphology, also if the case is preeclampsia the coagulation tests will be prolonged but this is not the case, this raises the suggestion of ITP.
                  But also transient thrombocytopenia is also a suggestion.
                  thank you all
                  Brother Ashraf thanx for ur valid information which i missed and i admire i have learnt some thing new today. Thanks once more

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                  • #10
                    شكراااااااااااا اخي الكريم medical lab specialist
                    وسلامي لكل اهل عمان الأعزاء
                    ونراكم على الف خير
                    من طلب العلا سهر الليالي

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