تويت
abnormal immune reaction " لو سمحتو وضحو لي بعض الاشياء "
السلام عليكم
انا طالبة ادرس مادة الفسيولوجي بس اللي ابغاه توضحو ليا احسه في المناعه اكثر من انه فسيولوجي
واختباري السبت
طلبتكم الله يوفقكم ويريح قلوبكم تفهموني اشياء انا بكتبها واحد يوضحها ليا لاني بصراحه مو فاهمتها
والله يسعدكم والله تسوو فيني خير ..
في انتظاركم
الله يسعدكم ويوفقكم ويفتح عليكم ابواب رزقه يارب
اللي يرد عليا
انا طالبة ادرس مادة الفسيولوجي بس اللي ابغاه توضحو ليا احسه في المناعه اكثر من انه فسيولوجي
واختباري السبت
طلبتكم الله يوفقكم ويريح قلوبكم تفهموني اشياء انا بكتبها واحد يوضحها ليا لاني بصراحه مو فاهمتها
والله يسعدكم والله تسوو فيني خير ..
1-Antibody mediated reactions :
The antibodies formed by plasma cell combine with their antigens to
form antigen / antibody (Ag / Ab) complexes, Ex.Anaphylactic reactions Occur within minutes of exposure to an allergen ( ex. Penicillin ).
The antibodies formed the primary exposure adhere to mast cells membrane .
When re-exposure to the same allergen occurs, it binds to the sensitized
Chemical substances as histamine , which causes manifestations in the form of Skin rashes edema increased mucous secretion, bronchospasm.
Sometimes, the reaction is severe causing anaphylactic shock, which is associated with severe hypotension .
2- Cell mediated reactions :
Develop over a period of 24 – 48 hours, after the second exposure to the same antigen.
It is due to activity of previously sensitized T-lymphocytes and phagocytes ( by the first exposure to the same antigen ).
The lymphocytes release lymphokines which amplify the immune response and Local inflammation accompanies this process causing skin rashes.
Example : *Contact dermatitis
*Tuberculosis sensitivity test
3-mixed reactions:
Example:
autoimmune diseases
When there is failure of the body to recognize the self antigens ( self tissues) leading to damage and occurrence of diseases.
There are two types of disease::
1- organ specific autoimmune disease When the self antigen is limited to one type of cell , damage is limited to one organ, Ex: Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
2- non organ specific autoimmune disease:
When the self antigen is not limited to one type of cell ,the damage may be in many organs, Ex: Systemic lupus erythematosus, Rheumatoid arthritis
The antibodies formed by plasma cell combine with their antigens to
form antigen / antibody (Ag / Ab) complexes, Ex.Anaphylactic reactions Occur within minutes of exposure to an allergen ( ex. Penicillin ).
The antibodies formed the primary exposure adhere to mast cells membrane .
When re-exposure to the same allergen occurs, it binds to the sensitized
Chemical substances as histamine , which causes manifestations in the form of Skin rashes edema increased mucous secretion, bronchospasm.
Sometimes, the reaction is severe causing anaphylactic shock, which is associated with severe hypotension .
2- Cell mediated reactions :
Develop over a period of 24 – 48 hours, after the second exposure to the same antigen.
It is due to activity of previously sensitized T-lymphocytes and phagocytes ( by the first exposure to the same antigen ).
The lymphocytes release lymphokines which amplify the immune response and Local inflammation accompanies this process causing skin rashes.
Example : *Contact dermatitis
*Tuberculosis sensitivity test
3-mixed reactions:
Example:
autoimmune diseases
When there is failure of the body to recognize the self antigens ( self tissues) leading to damage and occurrence of diseases.
There are two types of disease::
1- organ specific autoimmune disease When the self antigen is limited to one type of cell , damage is limited to one organ, Ex: Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
2- non organ specific autoimmune disease:
When the self antigen is not limited to one type of cell ,the damage may be in many organs, Ex: Systemic lupus erythematosus, Rheumatoid arthritis
في انتظاركم
الله يسعدكم ويوفقكم ويفتح عليكم ابواب رزقه يارب
اللي يرد عليا
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