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وكما وعدتكم , نستكمل رحلة علم الانسجة , لكن هذه المره مع الــ connective tissues وإن شاء الله تفيدكم ,,
FIBERS
The common fiber types include collagen, elastic, and reticular.
Thick Skin, Sole of the Foot
Collagen fibers (typically type I collagen) are acidophilic when stained with H & E, as seen in the dermis of skin. They tend to have a wavy appearance and may be sectioned obliquely, transversely or longitudinally. Nuclei of fibroblasts (fibrocytes) are numerous among the collagen fibers.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/43_01.jpg)
The common fiber types include collagen, elastic, and reticular.
Thick Skin, Sole of the Foot
Collagen fibers (typically type I collagen) are acidophilic when stained with H & E, as seen in the dermis of skin. They tend to have a wavy appearance and may be sectioned obliquely, transversely or longitudinally. Nuclei of fibroblasts (fibrocytes) are numerous among the collagen fibers.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/43_01.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/43_04.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/43_05.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/43_06.jpg)
Submaxillary Gland
Elastic fibers stain black with Verhoeff's Hematoxylin and are seen as branching black lines. In this slide, the elastic fibers are clearly visible around ducts and vessels (collagen fibers are green).
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/47_01.jpg)
Elastic fibers stain black with Verhoeff's Hematoxylin and are seen as branching black lines. In this slide, the elastic fibers are clearly visible around ducts and vessels (collagen fibers are green).
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/47_01.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/47_07.jpg)
Connective Tissue Spread
Both elastic and collagen fibers and various connective tissue cells are visible in this preparation. Verhoeff's Hematoxylin stains elastic fibers black and Van Gieson stains collagen acidophilic. In your slide the acidophilic collagen fibers may not be obvious. Mast cells are easily identified due to the metachromasia of granules with toluidine blue.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/93_01.jpg)
Both elastic and collagen fibers and various connective tissue cells are visible in this preparation. Verhoeff's Hematoxylin stains elastic fibers black and Van Gieson stains collagen acidophilic. In your slide the acidophilic collagen fibers may not be obvious. Mast cells are easily identified due to the metachromasia of granules with toluidine blue.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/93_01.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/93_02.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/93_03.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/93_04.jpg)
Spleen
Reticular fibers (type III collagen) are thin collagen fibers not typically detected with routine H & E staining. However, these fibers stain black with silver stain and are often called argyrophilic fibers . The spleen demonstrates the supportive network of reticular fibers present in many organs. In this slide, the delicate reticular fibers are black and the thick collagen fibers are red/brown.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/79_01.jpg)
Reticular fibers (type III collagen) are thin collagen fibers not typically detected with routine H & E staining. However, these fibers stain black with silver stain and are often called argyrophilic fibers . The spleen demonstrates the supportive network of reticular fibers present in many organs. In this slide, the delicate reticular fibers are black and the thick collagen fibers are red/brown.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/79_01.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/79_02.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/79_03.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/79_04.jpg)
Human Liver
This slide demonstrates both collagen (red) andreticular (black) fibers.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/89_01.jpg)
This slide demonstrates both collagen (red) andreticular (black) fibers.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/89_01.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/89_02.jpg)
CELLS
The common cell types in connective tissue include: fibroblasts, mast cells, plasma cells, macrophages, adipocytes, and leukocytes.
The common cell types in connective tissue include: fibroblasts, mast cells, plasma cells, macrophages, adipocytes, and leukocytes.
Tendon
Fibroblasts are the most common cell type of connective tissue. They produce both fibers and amorphous ground substance. Typically only the oval nuclei are visible. These cells are found associated with the fibers listed above. In the tendon, fibroblasts are seen as elongate nuclei found sandwiched between collagen fibers .
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/72_01.jpg)
Fibroblasts are the most common cell type of connective tissue. They produce both fibers and amorphous ground substance. Typically only the oval nuclei are visible. These cells are found associated with the fibers listed above. In the tendon, fibroblasts are seen as elongate nuclei found sandwiched between collagen fibers .
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/72_01.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/72_02.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/72_03.jpg)
Pyloric Stomach
Examine the lamina propria underlying the epithelium of the pyloric stomach to find plasma cells . The cells are ovoid with basophilic cytoplasm, due to rER. The diagnostic feature of plasma cells is their eccentric round nuclei commonly described as "clock face" nuclei . This appearance is due to heterochromatin clumps. These cells are readily identified in the mucosa of the digestive tract.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/51_01.jpg)
Examine the lamina propria underlying the epithelium of the pyloric stomach to find plasma cells . The cells are ovoid with basophilic cytoplasm, due to rER. The diagnostic feature of plasma cells is their eccentric round nuclei commonly described as "clock face" nuclei . This appearance is due to heterochromatin clumps. These cells are readily identified in the mucosa of the digestive tract.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/51_01.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/51_02.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/51_03.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/51_04.jpg)
Lung
In the lung, alveolar macrophages (dust cells) are found easily in the air spaces where these cells have either ingested carbon particles or erythrocytes. Some may appear as vacuolated cells. One can infer the identity of a macrophage by its indented nucleus . Macrophages are phagocytic cells that are difficult to find in normal tissues because there is not sufficient cause for them to increase in number.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/14_01.jpg)
In the lung, alveolar macrophages (dust cells) are found easily in the air spaces where these cells have either ingested carbon particles or erythrocytes. Some may appear as vacuolated cells. One can infer the identity of a macrophage by its indented nucleus . Macrophages are phagocytic cells that are difficult to find in normal tissues because there is not sufficient cause for them to increase in number.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/14_01.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/14_02.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/14_03.jpg)
Parathyroid Gland
Adipocytes , fat cells are large cells specialized in storage of neutral fats. Lipid is removed in routine tissue preparation. Consequently the cell appears as a thin rim of cytoplasm surrounding the vacuole of dissolved lipid. The nucleus is eccentric and flattened. Adipose tissue is a connective tissue with a predominance of adipocytes.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/40_01.jpg)
Adipocytes , fat cells are large cells specialized in storage of neutral fats. Lipid is removed in routine tissue preparation. Consequently the cell appears as a thin rim of cytoplasm surrounding the vacuole of dissolved lipid. The nucleus is eccentric and flattened. Adipose tissue is a connective tissue with a predominance of adipocytes.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/40_01.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/40_02a.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/40_02b.jpg)
Peripheral Nerve
Lipid is preserved and stained black when the tissue is prepared using osmium tetroxide as a fixative.
[BIMG]http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/2_01.jpg[/BIMG]
Lipid is preserved and stained black when the tissue is prepared using osmium tetroxide as a fixative.
[BIMG]http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/2_01.jpg[/BIMG]
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/2_02.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/2_03.jpg)
Esophagus
Leukocytes are white blood cells that are readily found in connective tissue. Lymphocytes (similar in size to red blood cells) are the most common connective tissue leukocyte. Aggregates of lymphocytes are often found associated with the mucosal epithelium of the GI tract, such as this slide of the esophagus. They have a small amount of slightly basophilic cytoplasm and a large, darkly stained nucleus because of condensed chromatin. Use Slide 51 (pyloric stomach) to compare lymphocytes (no visible cytoplasm) to plasma cells which contain abundant cytoplasm.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/49_01.jpg)
Leukocytes are white blood cells that are readily found in connective tissue. Lymphocytes (similar in size to red blood cells) are the most common connective tissue leukocyte. Aggregates of lymphocytes are often found associated with the mucosal epithelium of the GI tract, such as this slide of the esophagus. They have a small amount of slightly basophilic cytoplasm and a large, darkly stained nucleus because of condensed chromatin. Use Slide 51 (pyloric stomach) to compare lymphocytes (no visible cytoplasm) to plasma cells which contain abundant cytoplasm.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/49_01.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/49_04.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/49_03.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/49_04.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/49_04.jpg)
Pancreas
Observe the eosinophils surrounding the large duct in the center of this slide. These cells are another type of leukocyte that are identified by their bilobed nucleus and refractile specific granules that are stained by eosin.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/80_07.jpg)
Observe the eosinophils surrounding the large duct in the center of this slide. These cells are another type of leukocyte that are identified by their bilobed nucleus and refractile specific granules that are stained by eosin.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/80_07.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/80_06.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/80_08.jpg)
TYPES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Connective tissue can be classified as either connective tissue proper or specialized connective tissue. Connective tissue proper includes: loose connective tissue (also called areolar) and dense (irregular) connective tissue. Specialized connective tissue types include: dense regular connective tissue, cartilage, bone, adipose tissue, blood, and hematopoietic tissue. The majority of specialized connective tissues will be studied in future laboratories.
Connective tissue can be classified as either connective tissue proper or specialized connective tissue. Connective tissue proper includes: loose connective tissue (also called areolar) and dense (irregular) connective tissue. Specialized connective tissue types include: dense regular connective tissue, cartilage, bone, adipose tissue, blood, and hematopoietic tissue. The majority of specialized connective tissues will be studied in future laboratories.
Trachea
Loose connective tissue (areolar) is located under the thick eosinophilic basement membrane of the respiratory epithelium in the trachea. A major component of loose connective tissue is amorphous ground substance which does not stain with routine H & E. The most numerous cell types are fibroblasts . In addition, other fibers such as collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers are present. Also, look for this type of connective tissue surrounding blood vessels and underlying the epithelium of the digestive tract.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/13_01.jpg)
Loose connective tissue (areolar) is located under the thick eosinophilic basement membrane of the respiratory epithelium in the trachea. A major component of loose connective tissue is amorphous ground substance which does not stain with routine H & E. The most numerous cell types are fibroblasts . In addition, other fibers such as collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers are present. Also, look for this type of connective tissue surrounding blood vessels and underlying the epithelium of the digestive tract.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/13_01.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/13_06.jpg)
Thick Skin, Sole of the Foot.
Loose connective tissue (areolar) is located directly beneath the epidermis of the skin. Dense irregular connective tissue forms most of the dermis below the loose connective tissue. Dense irregular connective tissue has similar components as loose connective tissue. However, the collagen fibers predominate and there are fewer cells and less amorphous ground substance. The collagen is arranged in bundles without any specific orientation.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/43_01.jpg)
Loose connective tissue (areolar) is located directly beneath the epidermis of the skin. Dense irregular connective tissue forms most of the dermis below the loose connective tissue. Dense irregular connective tissue has similar components as loose connective tissue. However, the collagen fibers predominate and there are fewer cells and less amorphous ground substance. The collagen is arranged in bundles without any specific orientation.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/43_01.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/43_07.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/43_08.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/43_04.jpg)
Tendon
Dense regular connective tissue has collagen fibers arranged in a definite pattern according to the direction of stress. The tendon clearly shows this arrangement.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/72_01.jpg)
Dense regular connective tissue has collagen fibers arranged in a definite pattern according to the direction of stress. The tendon clearly shows this arrangement.
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/72_01.jpg)
![](http://w3.ouhsc.edu/histology/Glass%20slides/72_02.jpg)
هذا ما لدي الان حول الـ connective tissues واتمنى ن الاخوه والاخوات المشاركة بما لديهم من صور ومعلومات مفيده, وأي خطأ أتمنى إعلامي, فجلا من لا يسهو...
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