اعزائي اعضاء المنتدى...الكرام
ساتناول خلال الايام القادمه مقرر الفطريات الطبيه
وبالتدريج كون الموضيع الفطريه شحيحه وبإذن الله يكون على اكمل وجه
انتظر ارائكم و مداخلاتكم
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الدرس الاول
Glossary of Mycological Terms
A
Acrogenous: Conidia born at the tip of the conidiophore.
Acropetal: A chain of conidia in which the youngest conidium is at the tip and the oldest is at the base.
Acropleurogenous: Conidia developing at the tip and along the sides of the conidiophore.
Adiaconidia: A large, globose, thick-walled conidium, usually produced by Emmonsia (Chrysosporium) parvum, in the lungs of humans and animals.
Aerial mycelium: Hyphal elements growing above the agar surface.
Aleurioconidium (pl. aleurioconidia): A thallic conidium released by lysis or fracture of the supporting cell.
Ameroconidium (pl. ameroconidium): A one-celled conidium.
Anamorph: An asexual state of a fungus.
Annellide: A specialized conidiogenous cell producing conidia in basipetal succession by a series of short percurrent proliferations (annellations). The tip of an annellide increases in length and becomes narrower as each subsequent conidium is formed.
Annelloconidium (pl. annelloconidia): A conidium produced by an annellide.
Apophysis: A swelling. The term is primarily applied to the funnel-shaped swelling of a sporangiophore, immediately below the columella, seen in some zygomycetes.
Arthric: A type of conidial ontogeny involving the conversion and subsequent disarticulation of a determinant conidiogenous hypha.
Arthroconidium (pl. arthroconidia): A thallic conidium released by either the splitting of a double septum or by the fragmentation or lysis of a disjunctor cell.
Ascocarp: A fruiting body containing asci and ascospores.
Ascomycetes: A group of fungi that reproduce sexually by the endogenous formation of ascospores in an ascus.
Ascomycetous: Referring to the Ascomycetes.
Ascospore: A haploid spore produced within an ascus following karyogamy and meiosis.
Ascus (pl. asci): A sac-like cell containing ascospores. Asci are characteristic of the Ascomycetes.
Aseptate: Lacking septa, often pertaining to the hyphae seen in zygomycetes (also see coenocytic).
B
Ballistoconidium (pl. ballistoconidia): A conidium that is forcible discharged.
Basidiomycetes: A group of fungi that reproduce sexually by the exogenous formation of basidiospores from a basidium.
Basidiospore: A haploid spore produced on a basidium following karyogamy and meiosis.
Basidium (pl. basidia): A cell that gives rise to a basidiospore. Basidia are characteristic of the Basidiomycetes.
Basipetal: A chain of conidia, the oldest conidium is at the apex and the youngest is at the base.
Basocatenulate: A chain of conidia having the youngest cell at the base.
Bipolar budding: Blastoconidia developing at the opposite poles of a parent cell.
Biseriate: Phialides arising from metulae as in the genus Aspergillus.
Biverticillate: Two or rarely three levels of branching directly below the phialides as in the genus Penicillium.
Blastic: A form of conidial development where there is a recognizable enlargement or "blowing out" of a conidial initial before being delimited by a septum.
Blastocatenate: A chain of conidia having the youngest cell at the tip.
Blastoconidium (pl. blastoconidia): An asexual conidium that forms by a blowing out or budding process.
Bud: A young conidium. Usually used to denote the young blastoconidia of yeasts.
Budding: Asexual multiplication by the production of a small outgrowth or bud from a parent cell.
C
D
ساتناول خلال الايام القادمه مقرر الفطريات الطبيه
وبالتدريج كون الموضيع الفطريه شحيحه وبإذن الله يكون على اكمل وجه
انتظر ارائكم و مداخلاتكم
:more32::more32::more32::more32:
الدرس الاول
Glossary of Mycological Terms
A
Acrogenous: Conidia born at the tip of the conidiophore.
Acropetal: A chain of conidia in which the youngest conidium is at the tip and the oldest is at the base.
Acropleurogenous: Conidia developing at the tip and along the sides of the conidiophore.
Adiaconidia: A large, globose, thick-walled conidium, usually produced by Emmonsia (Chrysosporium) parvum, in the lungs of humans and animals.
Aerial mycelium: Hyphal elements growing above the agar surface.
Aleurioconidium (pl. aleurioconidia): A thallic conidium released by lysis or fracture of the supporting cell.
Ameroconidium (pl. ameroconidium): A one-celled conidium.
Anamorph: An asexual state of a fungus.
Annellide: A specialized conidiogenous cell producing conidia in basipetal succession by a series of short percurrent proliferations (annellations). The tip of an annellide increases in length and becomes narrower as each subsequent conidium is formed.
Annelloconidium (pl. annelloconidia): A conidium produced by an annellide.
Apophysis: A swelling. The term is primarily applied to the funnel-shaped swelling of a sporangiophore, immediately below the columella, seen in some zygomycetes.
Arthric: A type of conidial ontogeny involving the conversion and subsequent disarticulation of a determinant conidiogenous hypha.
Arthroconidium (pl. arthroconidia): A thallic conidium released by either the splitting of a double septum or by the fragmentation or lysis of a disjunctor cell.
Ascocarp: A fruiting body containing asci and ascospores.
Ascomycetes: A group of fungi that reproduce sexually by the endogenous formation of ascospores in an ascus.
Ascomycetous: Referring to the Ascomycetes.
Ascospore: A haploid spore produced within an ascus following karyogamy and meiosis.
Ascus (pl. asci): A sac-like cell containing ascospores. Asci are characteristic of the Ascomycetes.
Aseptate: Lacking septa, often pertaining to the hyphae seen in zygomycetes (also see coenocytic).
B
Ballistoconidium (pl. ballistoconidia): A conidium that is forcible discharged.
Basidiomycetes: A group of fungi that reproduce sexually by the exogenous formation of basidiospores from a basidium.
Basidiospore: A haploid spore produced on a basidium following karyogamy and meiosis.
Basidium (pl. basidia): A cell that gives rise to a basidiospore. Basidia are characteristic of the Basidiomycetes.
Basipetal: A chain of conidia, the oldest conidium is at the apex and the youngest is at the base.
Basocatenulate: A chain of conidia having the youngest cell at the base.
Bipolar budding: Blastoconidia developing at the opposite poles of a parent cell.
Biseriate: Phialides arising from metulae as in the genus Aspergillus.
Biverticillate: Two or rarely three levels of branching directly below the phialides as in the genus Penicillium.
Blastic: A form of conidial development where there is a recognizable enlargement or "blowing out" of a conidial initial before being delimited by a septum.
Blastocatenate: A chain of conidia having the youngest cell at the tip.
Blastoconidium (pl. blastoconidia): An asexual conidium that forms by a blowing out or budding process.
Bud: A young conidium. Usually used to denote the young blastoconidia of yeasts.
Budding: Asexual multiplication by the production of a small outgrowth or bud from a parent cell.
C
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Capsule: A hyaline mucopolysaccharide sheath around the cell wall of certain yeasts e.g. Cryptococcus and Rhodotorula.
Catenulate: Conidia arranged in chains.
Chlamydoconidium (pl. Chlamydoconidia): A thick-walled, thallic conidium formed within the vegetative hyphae. Chlamydoconidia function as organs of perennation rather than dissemination.
Clamp connection: A specialized hyphal bridge over a septum in the Basidiomycetes.
Clavate: Club-shaped.
Cleistothecium (pl. cleistothecia): An enclosed ascocarp containing randomly dispersed asci.
Coenocytic: Infrequently septate, multi-nucleate hyphae as in the Zygomycetes.
Collarette: A small collar. Usually, a remnant of a cell wall present at the tip of a phialide, or around a sporangiophore.
Columella (pl. columellae): A sterile dome-like structure at the tip of a sporangiophore or within a sporangium.
Columnar: Forming a column.
Conidiogenous cell: A cell that forms conidia.
Conidiophore: A specialized hypha upon which conidia develop.
Conidium (pl. conidia): An asexual reproductive propagule formed in any manner that does not involve cytoplasmic cleavage. Conidia function as organs of dissemination.
Cottony: Having a loose and coarse texture.
Cylindrical: Cylindric, having parallel walls and circular cross-section
Capsule: A hyaline mucopolysaccharide sheath around the cell wall of certain yeasts e.g. Cryptococcus and Rhodotorula.
Catenulate: Conidia arranged in chains.
Chlamydoconidium (pl. Chlamydoconidia): A thick-walled, thallic conidium formed within the vegetative hyphae. Chlamydoconidia function as organs of perennation rather than dissemination.
Clamp connection: A specialized hyphal bridge over a septum in the Basidiomycetes.
Clavate: Club-shaped.
Cleistothecium (pl. cleistothecia): An enclosed ascocarp containing randomly dispersed asci.
Coenocytic: Infrequently septate, multi-nucleate hyphae as in the Zygomycetes.
Collarette: A small collar. Usually, a remnant of a cell wall present at the tip of a phialide, or around a sporangiophore.
Columella (pl. columellae): A sterile dome-like structure at the tip of a sporangiophore or within a sporangium.
Columnar: Forming a column.
Conidiogenous cell: A cell that forms conidia.
Conidiophore: A specialized hypha upon which conidia develop.
Conidium (pl. conidia): An asexual reproductive propagule formed in any manner that does not involve cytoplasmic cleavage. Conidia function as organs of dissemination.
Cottony: Having a loose and coarse texture.
Cylindrical: Cylindric, having parallel walls and circular cross-section
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Dematiaceous: A dark brown, greenish gray or black colour.
Dermatophyte: A fungus belonging to the genera Epidermophyton, Microsporum, or Trichophyton with the ability to utilize keratin to infect hair, nail and skin.
Denticle: A small projection or peg on which conidia are produced.
Determinate conidiophore: The conidiophore does not alter in length after the formation of conidia.
Deuteromycetes: An artificial subdivision to accommodate those fungi where only the asexual state is known.
Dichotomous: A type of hyphal branching into two equal forks.
Dictyoconidium (pl. dictyoconidia): A conidium with both longitudinal and transverse septa; a muriform conidium.
Didmoconidium (pl. didymoconidia): A two celled conidium.
Dimorphic: Having two different morphological forms.
Disjunctor cell: An empty cell that fragments and/or undergoes lysis to release a conidium.
Dolipore septum: A characteristic septum found in the Basidiomycetes that flares out near the pore to form an elongate channel.
Double septum: A two layered septum that may undergo centripetal separation (schizolysis) to release a conidium.
Downy: Having a short and dense mycelial texture.
Dysgonic: A slow growing variant.[/COLOR]
Dematiaceous: A dark brown, greenish gray or black colour.
Dermatophyte: A fungus belonging to the genera Epidermophyton, Microsporum, or Trichophyton with the ability to utilize keratin to infect hair, nail and skin.
Denticle: A small projection or peg on which conidia are produced.
Determinate conidiophore: The conidiophore does not alter in length after the formation of conidia.
Deuteromycetes: An artificial subdivision to accommodate those fungi where only the asexual state is known.
Dichotomous: A type of hyphal branching into two equal forks.
Dictyoconidium (pl. dictyoconidia): A conidium with both longitudinal and transverse septa; a muriform conidium.
Didmoconidium (pl. didymoconidia): A two celled conidium.
Dimorphic: Having two different morphological forms.
Disjunctor cell: An empty cell that fragments and/or undergoes lysis to release a conidium.
Dolipore septum: A characteristic septum found in the Basidiomycetes that flares out near the pore to form an elongate channel.
Double septum: A two layered septum that may undergo centripetal separation (schizolysis) to release a conidium.
Downy: Having a short and dense mycelial texture.
Dysgonic: A slow growing variant.[/COLOR]
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