Alloantibodies
•Produced by exposure to foreign red cell antigens which are non-self antigens but are of the same species.
•They react only with allogenic cells.
•Exposure occurs through pregnancy or transfusion.
Autoantibodies
•Produced in an autoimmune process and directed against one's own red cell antigens.
•React with patient's own cells and all cells tested.
•Can possibly mask the presence of other significant antibodies.
•It is very important to make sure that no underlying significant antibodies are present if an autoantibody is suspected.
•A positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT) or auto control could indicate the presence of an autoantibody.
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